ESTRATEGIAS PARA LA SELECCIÓN DE SITIOS DE REUBICACIÓN EN CONTEXTOS DE RIESGO MEDIANTE AHP Y SIG: ANÁLISIS DEL SECTOR NORPONIENTE DE CHILPANCINGO, GUERRERO

Abstract

This research article analyzes strategies for site selection of relocation in risk contexts through the integration
of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), applied to the northwestern
sector of Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico. The objective is to identify plots with optimal conditions for relocating
families exposed to landslides and hydrometeorological hazards, considering physical, environmental,
social, and accessibility criteria. The methodology combined exclusionary criteria (hazard zones, distance to
active faults) and evaluation factors (accessibility, services, proximity to facilities), weighted using the AHP and
spatialized in GIS. The results show that the most suitable plot is located in an area of 5,907 m², with low vulnerability,
accessible to public transportation, and close to basic infrastructure and educational facilities. The
discussion highlights the relevance of using multi-criteria methods in urban risk management, as they enable
transparent and evidence-based decisions. Findings are compared with international experiences in Turkey,
Iran, Nepal, and Indonesia, underlining the importance of including socio-cultural and community resilience
factors in relocation processes. The study concludes that the integration of AHP–GIS constitutes a useful tool
for preventive planning, as it facilitates the identification of safe and socially viable areas in territories exposed
to multiple hazards. This article presents an unpublished synthesis of the findings of Bernal Valenzo’s (2024)
undergraduate thesis, expanded and contextualized for academic dissemination.
Keywords: Population relocation, risk management, GIS (Geographic Information Systems), multi-
criteria decision-making, Chilpancingo (Mexico).